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The book proposes the kinetic theory of transport and relaxation processes in the flows of reacting gas mixtures and discusses their applications to strongly non-equilibrium conditions. It focuses the main attention on the influence of non-equilibrium kinetics on gas dynamics and transport processes. The closed systems of equations of physical gas dynamics are derived from the kinetic equations in different approaches such as the most accurate approach taking into account the state-to-state kinetics in a flow and more simple multi-temperature and one-temperature ones based on quasi-stationary distributions. The algorithms for calculations of transport coefficients in non-equilibrium flows and rate coefficients of chemical reactions and energy exchanges in these approaches are developed on the basis of fundamental kinetic theory principles. The theory is applied to the flows behind strong shock waves, in the non-equilibrium boundary layer and nozzles. The comparison of the results obtained in different approaches is presented and the advantages of the new state-to-state kinetic model and the limits of validity of simplified models are discussed.

The book is useful for scientists and graduate students interested in physical gas dynamics, aerothermodynamics, non-equilibrium physical-chemical kinetics and kinetic theory of gases.